Mail Auction 21 / TOP100 Bidding
4079
+9
1875-1995 JAPAN comp. of stamps and miniature sheets, contains i.a. used stamp Mi.511, Bl.34, clear Mi.475 and oths., in 6-sheet stockbook A4
Starting price: CZK
U:Z
4092
+3
1880-1990 WHOLE WORLD big box full stamps, estate of collector, very perfins, typography, interesting postmarks from Carpathian Ruthenia etc..
Starting price: CZK
U:K
3501
+7
1939-45 BOHEMIA-MORAVIA selection of 20 pcs bank-notes Protectorate, part Specimen, part worse quality, also better pieces, 5CZK 1938 + overprint (Joseph Jungmann) quality N
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
3523
1846-49 AUSTRIA Actien - Schein (card), 2 pcs of, 1x issued in y 1846 in Prague, 1x issued 1849 in Brno; good condition
Starting price: CZK
U:A4
4091
+3
1880-1990 WHOLE WORLD banana box full stamps, estate of collector, very perfins, typography and interest, inserted about 400 pcs of Ppc big format
Starting price: CZK
U:K
2281
+3
1860 Mi.1, Double-headed Eagle 10kop, c.v.. 1000€, in the middle small hole - out fallen chip of wood
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
3426
1944 MILITARIA passport to/at entry civil persons to výcvikového space SS "BOHEMIA" Selčany, preserved
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
3517
1918 DESIGNES original design on/for rublový emblem YMCA (legion in Russia), on reverse illegible ověřovací postmark, creased, torn, after all very interesting
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
1113
1945 Pof.A360/362, Kosice MS with significant production flaw color stain below helmou on stmp 2 Koruna red
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
3881
+29
1939-45 BOHEMIA-MORAVIA business supply of stamps, blocks and whole sheets, stamps with margin, plate number, coupons and variants, placed in 5 pcs of big stockbooks, total 9,4kg of material, profitable
Starting price: CZK
U:Z
3535
+1
1958-82 CZECHOSLOVAKIA 1945-92 selection of 24 pcs of tickets, mainly good quality
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
3667
1890 ŽERTOVNÁ BANKOVKA author Joseph ŠVÁB, 1000 golden, format 14,5x10cm, superb
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
1919-20 comp. 4 pcs of philatelically influenced entires + 2 pcs of front sides letters, multicolor frankings stmp with overprint., i.a. Pof.69 (25h Postage due stmp big number), 74, 125, 122, 123 (Zita), 138 etc.., cat. only better used stamp. 1000CZK
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
4326
+3
1939-45 NOTAPHILY / BOHEMIA-MORAVIA, CZECHOSLOVAKIA 1945-92 larger comp. bank-notes BOHEMIA-MORAVIA, contains larger quantity of bank-notes 100 Koruna Bruncvík and oths., also with addition koruna orders Czechoslovakia, various quality
Starting price: CZK
U:O5
3800
+4
1999 Neumann, Václavovič: Monograph, postal history 1939–1945, Protectorate Bohemia and morava, 1. part, post offices marks (forerunner), 600 sides, good condition
Starting price: CZK
U:Z
3002
+1
1936 KOMÁROV (Kumrowitz) - open-air restaurant Schneider; Us, good condition
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
3545
1933-38 SPORTSMEN / FOOTBALL Kopecký, Bican, Horák, Burgr, Senecký, Košťálek, Maleček, Říha, Zeman, Puč, Novák, Pleticha, Zajíček etc.., signatures Czechosl. footballers on/for 4 pcs of Ppc from tours to Spain, Sweden, England, Germany; good condition
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
3531
1929 CZECHOSLOVAKIA 1918-39 note for 1 korunu Czechosl., issued bank Knapp, Prague, superb
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
1919 Pof.PP2B-4B, Silhouette, line perforation 13¾;, big parts of sheets with margin, value 25k 60-blok, 50k in/at 57-bloku and 1Rb in/at 56-bloku, all types, research material, several stamp. damaged, ca. 50 complete sets, c.v.. 1000CZK
Starting price: CZK
U:A4
3569
+1
1930 LADA Joseph (1887–1957), Czech painter, illustrator and writer, signature on by hand psaném card, nice
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
3852
+2
1918-20 CZECHOSLOVAKIA 1918-39 / HRADČANY-issue collection of ca. 3300 pcs of various stamp. on stock-book sheet and in packets, less contains values V. printings
Starting price: CZK
U:O4
4327
+4
1918-25 NOTAPHILY / GERMANY, AUSTRIA selection of more than 190 pcs of emergency orders, contains 4x Ústí n./L., quality 1-2
Starting price: CZK
U:O4
1939 1. congress Carpathian Ukraine, general forgery of stmp 3 Koruna Opening of Congress in/at nonexistent miniature sheet arrangement, on reverse marked postmark Falsum
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
3935
+11
Czechoslovakia / STAMP PRODUCTION small collection signatures Czech návrhářů and engravers postal stamps, contains jména: Goldschmied, Seizinger, Schmidt, Švengsbír, Jirka, Mráček, Housa, Herčík, Ondráček, part in more pcs., also with selection of commemorative prints
Starting price: CZK
U:Z
1069
1945 KOLINEC We are osvobozeni, 15 pcs of cut-squares with stamps A. Hitler and revolutionary issue, CDS broken out Kolinec 9.5.45, good condition
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
1123
1945 2x printing flaw, Pof.396 as blk-of-4 with margin, smudge in/at printing color over 2 stmp, Pofis. 571 with podlouhlou stain through/over numeral 2, marginal piece, interesting, nice quality
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
+2
1939 Pof.20-27, Linden Leaves (recess printing), selection of complete 200-stamps sheets with gutters, value 30h brown 2x, folded in perforation
Starting price: CZK
U:A3v–
2103
1943 GENERAL GOVERNMENT Mi.89-91, 101-103, portrait Hitler, all in/at printing pages 5x5zn. with imprinted margin, cat. min. 77€
Starting price: CZK
U:A4
3969
+2
1860-1900 AUSTRIA, GERMANY comp. of stamps incl. classic, placed two-sided on stock-sheet A4
Starting price: CZK
U:Z
4285
+5
1910-40 TOPOGRAPHY, MOTIVE big collection of ca. 3500 pcs of Ppc, various motives, abroad and home topography, placed in case, total 16,5kg of material, suitable for next elaboration
Starting price: CZK
U:K
1937 Reg and airmail letter sent from Prague to Germany, with Pof.L7A(zk. Kar.), L12 years. and arrival postmark on reverse, good condition
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
4306
+18
1946-48 FISCAL VALUABLE MATTERS / CZECHOSLOVAKIA 1945-92 comp. over 100 pcs of official documents with revenues, native sheets, warrant/-s, request, svědectví and oths., originates from of District Court in Bratislava, standard quality
Starting price: CZK
U:O4
3773
1890 JUDAICA Rohlig: Mravouka Jewish in/at Talmudu, issued Nebeský, Holešov, 16 sides, format 10x16cm, notebook, antisemitský text on/for base Jewish učení
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
4289
+6
1900-45 MOTIVE collection of ca. 200 pcs of various congratulatory and art cards small format, strongly contains popular costume Frolka, Úprka etc..; part in worse condition
Starting price: CZK
U:O5
4239
+2
1920-40 PERFINS / CZECHOSLOVAKIA 1918-39, Sudetenland, BOHEMIA-MORAVIA selection of 29 pcs of entires with with perfins, contains 4x parcel dispatch card segment with franking Hradčany, 1x air-mail letter, 4x postcard franked by issue Chainbreaker, 1x identification parcel dispatch card segment BOHEMIA-MORAVIA, 3x card Sudetenland with stamp. Hindenburg; part damaged, viewing of quality recommended, filling holes etc..
Starting price: CZK
U:O5
3864
+2
1918-40 CZECHOSLOVAKIA 1918-39, BOHEMIA-MORAVIA comp. of stamps food tax, newspaper provisory, Military, food tax cards, tobacco card/-s, all on 1 stock-book sheet
Starting price: CZK
U:O4
4323
+1
1919-39 NOTAPHILY selection of 30 pcs of Czechosl. bank-notes, various values, some Specimen, reduced quality several bank-notes
Starting price: CZK
U:O5
4297
+2
1920-50 WHOLE WORLD selection of 90 pcs of Ppc from various places, bromografie also other, part Us post, standard quality
Starting price: CZK
U:O5
3938
+4
1993-05 CZECH REPUBLIC semifinished selection of 450 pcs of stamps with plate variety and production flaw, shifts according to Pofis, all on 4 sides stock-book sheets, cat. over 2000CZK
Starting price: CZK
U:O4
1579
1919 Maxa K31, commercial PC with additional-printing Ignaz Schmieger Liberec, stamp. with perfin K.J.S., CDS REICHENBERG 30.8.19
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
Pof.58B blank coupon, 5h Express stamp rectangle, blank field, overprint type III., exp. Gi.
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
1919 court R summons with paid porto mixed franking Austrian to exhaustion- Postage due stamp 20/54h Mi.P62, and provisional postage-due Hradčany 5h, Pof.3 with overprint "T", CDS LITOMĚŘICE 22.II.19, stamp. with provisory straight line postmark 23. Feb. 1919/ TEPLITZ SCHÖNAU; envelope open from two of adjacent sides
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
3668
1890 ŽERTOVNÁ BANKOVKA author Joseph ŠVÁB, 1000 golden, format 19x12cm, crosswise fold
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
trial print 75h, 3 pcs of on chalky paper, 1x in blue color, 2x black print - numeral(s) "7" otočená numeral(s) "2", exp. 1x St, 1x Škaloud.
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
3106
+1
1902 HUSTOPEČE N. B. - 3-views collage, brewery, square; long address, Us, rounded corners
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
3895
+9
1939-45 SLOVAKIA selection parts of sheets stamps various issues for example. Hlinka, Tatra, Scholarship, Red Cross, Delivery stmp etc.. high catalogue value, very fine
Starting price: CZK
U:O4
3963
+31
1850-1900 AUSTRIA slightly specialized collection of stamps, perf, postmark, cut-squares, contains also Austrian post in Levant, in 16-sheet stockbook A4, high catalogue value
Starting price: CZK
U:Z
3970
+15
1874-1913 BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA, MONTENEGRO semifinished collection of stamps, incl. several better items, placed on free album sheets
Starting price: CZK
U:Z
4344
+2
comp. 3 pcs of spring folders (2xSchaubek), blue color, good condition
Starting price: CZK
U:Z
1070
1945 KUTNÁ HORA, comp. 15 pcs of stamps (Hitler + St. Vitus.), with revolutionary overprints, Geo.N800, nice
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
4240
+9
1918-30 PERFINS / CZECHOSLOVAKIA 1918-39 collection of ca. 120 pcs of stamps with perfins, placed in choice book and small stockbook, prevails issue Hradčany
Starting price: CZK
U:O5
1919-20 CDV10 comp. 7 pcs of, variously uprated with stamp Hradčany 1h, 3h, Express stamp 5h, Newspaper stamp 2h + CDV14 comp. 4 pcs of from that 1x uprated with stamp Hradčany SO 5h; good condition
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
1919 PLATE PROOF, Ornament, black prints, incomplete line Pof.DL1-14, missing value 500h, part hinged, some exp. by Stupka., good quality, c.v.. 1300CZK
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
4015
+27
1860-1930 MALTA, ITALY, LUXEMBOURG incomplete basic stamp collection incl. partly classical stamps, contains interesting item/-s Italy and Luxembourg, placed on album sheets in spring folder, catalogue ca. 3000MiM
Starting price: CZK
U:Z
Pof.PrA1b, promotional miniature sheet for Red Cross, black color, black number 250, more/larger fold bottom corner, c.v.. 12000CZK, profitable offer!
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
Pof.200 P5, exp. by Gilbert + Pof.202a, thick paper without watermark, exp. by Mrnak
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
3541
1978-79 COSMOS / REMEK Vladimír (*1948), Czech astronaut, comp. 2 pcs of envelopes and postcard with signature Remek and other signatures
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
2955
+1
1920 collection of ca. 64 pcs stamps, single values, clear also with postmarks from favor, on/for card/sheet A4
Starting price: CZK
U:A4
1381
1948 FDC M C/48 Gottwald zase president, issue generálním director post, stamps Pof.485-6 + 488, inside darovací sheet signed director ing.Seifertem, envelope signs of age (fly-spots and yellowing), gum on/for lapel damaged, after all sought FDC, monogr. 1000CZK
Starting price: CZK
U:A4
3860
+1
1919 CZECHOSLOVAKIA 1918-39 / MILITARY Pof.PP2-4, comp. over 100 pcs of stamps, incl. part/-s blocks, various types, color, plate variety, placed on 2 pcs of paper slips
Starting price: CZK
U:O5
+1
1944 commercial letter sent after/around Brno, recipient not found, in/at dead letter off. Brno zjištěn sender, returned and postage due chosen cash, slightly yellowy margins, torn, interesting
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
3949
+78
1865-1965 EUROPE more/larger remaining comp. of stamps various countries, it contains e.g. Germany, Belgium, Hungary, Baltic states, France etc.., placed in 8 pcs of various stockbooks A4, total 13,5kg of material
Starting price: CZK
U:Z
1939 Pof.351, Opening of Congress, upper and lower 8-pás with 6 coupons and plate number 1, c.v.. 2350CZK
Starting price: CZK
U:A4
4057
+8
1900-2000 YUGOSLAVIA selection mainly postmarked stamps incl. Montenegro and Serbia to year 1918 and stamps succession states, placed in big 13-sheet stockbook
Starting price: CZK
U:Z
3874
+8
1918-60 CZECHOSLOVAKIA remaining comp. of stamps and entires, first day sheets, FDC, postcard, printed matter/-s, stockbooks, medley, placed in box, total 10,5kg of material
Starting price: CZK
U:K
1918 Pof.NV1, complete maculature sheet values 2h on/for oranžovém papers together with print Hradčany values 15h; folded and small tearing
Starting price: CZK
U:A3v–
+1
1940 Exile, New York, Trojan. AS9b, red emblem, black text, green pavilion, miniature sheet Pof.A342/343 in/at cellophane cover and mounted in/at original cards, Exhibition New York 1940, nice quality, c.v.. 2000CZK
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
1940 Pof.50-51, Red Cross I., selection of complete sheets, short tear in perforation only in margin
Starting price: CZK
U:A3v–
1919 PLATE PROOF stamp. Lion Pof.PP5, in violet 2x and grey color, print oval in red color
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
3282
+1
1886 Tyrš, On shledání in Slavonic Prague about/by congress všesokolském in y 1887, drawn, blue print on greeny paper, Us, signatures mayor and jednatele Sokol in Mladá Boleslav - Šrámek, Chlum; yellowy margins
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
3000
+1
1933 BRNO - materiální consequences sebevražedného výbuchu from 31. July 1933 in/at hotel Europe, Jánská street 3, Un, bumped corners
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
4227
+2
1963-78 TOPICAL STAMP COLLECTING / COSMOS / USSR comp. 15 pcs of entires to/at kosmickým flights/years, various franking, postmark, signatures astronauts (also Tereshkova), postally unused, good quality
Starting price: CZK
U:O5
1939 Reg letter in the place, with Pof.302, A347, CDS ŽIDLOCHOVICE 15.XII.39, last day of validity, exact franking, philatelic mailing Us post, good condition, rare!!
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
2102
+1
1941-44 GENERAL GOVERNMENT Mi.65 8 pcs of printing sheet with Pl 2, Mi.89-91 25 pcs of printing sheet, Mi.101-103 25 pcs of printing sheet, Mi.117-119 25 pcs of printing sheet, all superb, cat. only stamp. 110€
Starting price: CZK
U:A4
3850
+2
1919 CZECHOSLOVAKIA 1918-39 / POŠTA / ČESKOSLOVENSKÁ / 1919 comp. of mainly cheap clear stamp. hinged on stock-book sheet A4, unexamined, c.v.. ca. 1000CZK
Starting price: CZK
U:O4
+1
trial print 300h, 13 pcs of on stamp paper with gum, various shades green, blue, violet, red, brown, nice pieces, exp. by Stupka., Ma, Be
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
3443
1897 fishing licence with revenue 1Fl, issue 1893, region Lednice (Eisgrub), postmark Mikulov, cross fold, torn in folds
Starting price: CZK
U:A4
Pof.195 P6, lower corner blok of 4 with plate mark "1.", mint never hinged, c.v.. 950CZK
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
3011
+1
1914 STRÁNSKÉ (Zechitz) - 4-view, pub, church, forester's lodge; Un, light abraded in the picture
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
Pof.58A blank coupon, 5h Express stamp rectangle, blank field, overprint type II with plate variety interrupted "O" in/at Post, superb, exp. by Karasek
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
3858
1920 CZECHOSLOVAKIA 1918-39 / SO1920 (overprint), comp. of more than 100 pcs of stamps, mostly common values, contains color shades stamps also overprints, set plate variety overprint, standard quality
Starting price: CZK
U:A4
1076
1945 POLNÁ red and black Opt on/for set stamp. Hitler 1942, Pof.78-85, 87-97, 122, Geo. L360
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
1938-45 3 pcs of Ppc, 1x with provisory railway pmk REICHENBERG - TANNWALD/ 22.3.1939, 1x with provisory postmark SAAZ/ 10.Okt.1938 and Czechosl. stmp, 1x mailing FP from Plzeň from air-mail formation, CDS PLZEŇ 1/ 24.IV.45 (!), good condition
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
Pof.SO13, 19, 20, 21 and 23, all with lower margin of sheet and control-numbers, superb, value 1000h exp. by Karasek
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
2282
1938 Mi.327-328 (Block 5 A+B), comp. 2 pcs of miniature sheets, with perf and imperforate, c.v.. 300€
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
1929 Pof.250A, Coat of arms 20h, coil- pair with part of plate number 2A and leader imprinted strip, superb
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
1920 CENSORSHIP label with text Flying censor's committee Czechosl. country headquarters for Moravia and Silesia in Brno, very rare
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
3843
+28
1918-45 CZECHOSLOVAKIA 1918-39 comp. of mainly used stamp. in/at 1 small stockbook, from clear stamp. contains stamp. and blocks from 30. years with plate number, exile souvenir sheets 5 pcs of various, lot of Newspaper miniature sheets Bratislava 37, Košice miniature sheets etc.., interesting, cat. only clear stamp. min. 5000CZK
Starting price: CZK
U:Z
3896
+1
1939-45 SLOVAKIA a lot of packaged Us stamps, contains about 140 pcs of parcels after/around 100 stmp, total over 14.000 stamps, placed in box from bonbonniere
Starting price: CZK
U:Z
+1
Pof.58A, 5h Express stamp rectangle, block of four with folded paper in/at the bottom pair, incomplete overprint - part on the side of gum, exp. by Gilbert., vert. perf in/at the bottom line detached
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
3798
+1
1936 Tureček Joseph, Dr.: Jewish system for Bohemia, (Trial právnědogmatická), within self-publishing, Prague, 20 sides, notebook A5
Starting price: CZK
U:O5
1919 philatelically influenced Reg letter with Pof.48b II, 49b II, 50 I, nationalized CDS PRAGUE 3/ 31.12.19, Czechosl. Reg label, exp. by Gilbert.., exp. by Karasek as franking, well preserved
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
2714
1857 cut square with str-of-3 stamp. Mi.11, stamps cut from sheet already postal zřízencem, preserved perf lower and between stamps, illegible black cancel. + red cancel. N.YORK 7/Aug/ Paid, c.v.. 195€ only single stamps
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
4304
+4
1850-1910 FISCAL VALUABLE MATTERS selection of revenue stamp. from various countries Europe, as Austria-Hungary, Germany, Romania, anniv. stamp. ČSKT, 6 Koruna fee stamp. Hostinských and výčepníků in Prague, exhibition hinge / label Brussels 1897, Prague 1898 etc.., all in/at small stockbook A5 and one paste-in envelope
Starting price: CZK
U:Z
3933
+5
1945 CZECHOSLOVAKIA 1945-92 / REVOLUTIONARY OVERPRINTS comp. of stamps, blocks and whole sheets with various revolutionary overprints, Olomouc, Přerov, Slavkov and oths., placed on 7 pcs of stock-book sheets A4 and 4 pcs of stock-book sheets A5
Starting price: CZK
U:O4
4166
+3
1910-65 CZECHOSLOVAKIA., BOHEMIA-MORAVIA big comp. of entires, Reg letters, meter stmp, mixed franking, added-print and oths., placed in banana box, total 13kg of material, suitable to other elaboration
Starting price: CZK
U:K
3586
1949 SLÁNSKÝ Rudolf (1901–1952), NOSEK Wenceslas (1892–1955), Czech komunističtí politicians, signatures on/for diplomech
Starting price: CZK
U:A4
2277
1928 commemorative sheet to Olympiad 1928 in/at Amsterdam with text in/at Esperanto, mounted set Mi. 205-212 with commemorative postmark, c.v.. used stamp. 50€, good condition
Starting price: CZK
U:A4
Pof.195 P8, lower corner blok of 4 with plate mark "2", mint never hinged, c.v.. 600CZK
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
1928 commercial letter franked with. already invalidated stamp. issue Chainbreaker 50h green, CDS UHERSKÉ HRADIŠTĚ/ 10.I.28 outside franking, surtax 2CZK paid 4 pcs of to exhaustion stamp. issue Chainbreaker 50/150h, Pof.DL50, CDS BRNO 18/ 11.I.28; decorative!
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
Pof.142DV, 1000h brown with L sheet margin, with favourite plate variety "rose after/behind ear", pos. 81, plate 1, on reverse small wrinkle paper, exp. by Gilbert.., c.v.. 800CZK
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
PLATE PROOF, unissued value 50h, small format, red color, paper with gum, nice, exp. by Gilbert
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
1790
1943 memorial card private issue to reminder R.Heydricha, mounted stmp Pofis. 111, CDS PRAGUE 28/ 28.V.43, format 10,5x15cm, nice quality
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
1939 letter greater format, franked with. whole overprint sets Pof.1-19, Czech postmark railroad forwarding with reduced on board sorting CHRÁST U PLZNĚ - RADNICE U ROKYCAN/ 15.VII.39, arrival PRAGUE/ RAILWAY POST OFF./ 16.VII.39, dodatková postmark, philatelic mailing, value stamps 1100CZK
Starting price: CZK
U:A4
Pof.25 IIs, 500h brown with lower margin without control-numbers, surplus print for airmail overprint issue, exp. by Karasek
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
3502
+1
1943 C.C. TEREZIN-THERESIENSTADT comp. 9 pcs of bank-notes C.C. Terezín 1K-100K, low quality
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
Pof.6, 10h green, slightly irregular margins, otherwise nice, exp. by Stupka + exp. by Gilbert + POFIS, c.v.. 600CZK
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
Pof.88, 50/42h Postage due stmp overprint PORTO, blk-of-16, plate variety + joined types of overprint, mint never hinged, cat. min. 400CZK
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
Pof.88, 50/42h Postage due stmp with overprint Porto, expressive shift of overprint up, type II
Starting price: CZK
U:A5
trial print 5h in/at blue-green color on stamp paper with gum, block of four, L pair lighter print, lightly hinged in/at upper line, unexamined
Starting price: CZK
U:A5